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네팔 폭우에 한국인 8명 연락두절·10명 고립…384명 실종_我的网站

三傻大闹宝莱坞

一 |     

Labor Day is a U.S. national holiday held the first Monday every September. Unlike most U.S. holidays, it is a strange celebration without rituals, except for shopping and barbecuing. For most people it simply marks the last weekend of summer and the start of the school year.
The holiday’s founders in the late 1800s envisioned something very different from what the day has become. The founders were looking for two things: a means of unifying union workers and a reduction in work time.
The first Labor Day occurred in 1882 in New York City under the direction of that city’s Central Labor Union.
In the 1800s, unions covered only a small fraction of workers and were balkanized and relatively weak. The goal of organizations like the Central Labor Union and more modern-day counterparts like the AFL-CIO was to bring many small unions together to achieve a critical mass and power. The organizers of the first Labor Day were interested in creating an event that brought different types of workers together to meet each other and recognize their common interests.
However, the organizers had a large problem: No government or company recognized the first Monday in September as a day off work. The issue was solved temporarily by declaring a one-day strike in the city. All striking workers were expected to march in a parade and then eat and drink at a giant picnic afterwards.

Why was Labor Day invented?

Labor Day came about because workers felt they were spending too many hours and days on the job.
In the 1830s, manufacturing workers were putting in 70-hour weeks on average. Sixty years later, in 1890, hours of work had dropped, although the average manufacturing worker still toiled in a factory 60 hours a week.
These long working hours caused many union organizers to focus on winning a shorter eight-hour work day. They also focused on getting workers more days off, such as the Labor Day holiday, and reducing the workweek to just six days.
These early organizers clearly won since the most recent data show that the average person working in manufacturing is employed for a bit over 40 hours a week and most people work only five days a week.
As the U.S. economy expanded beyond farming and basic manufacturing in the late 1800s and early 1900s, it became important for businesses to find consumers interested in buying the products and services being produced in ever greater amounts. Shortening the work week was one way of turning the working class into the consuming class.
The common misconception is that since Labor Day is a national holiday, everyone gets the day off. Nothing could be further from the truth.
While the first Labor Day was created by striking, the idea of a special holiday for workers was easy for politicians to support. It was easy because proclaiming a holiday, like Mother’s Day, costs legislators nothing and benefits them by currying favor with voters. In 1887, Oregon, Colorado, Massachusetts, New York and New Jersey all declared a special legal holiday in September to celebrate workers.
Within 12 years, half the states in the country recognized Labor Day as a holiday. It became a national holiday in June 1894 when President Grover Cleveland signed the Labor Day bill into law. While most people interpreted this as recognizing the day as a national vacation, Congress’ proclamation covers only federal employees. It is up to each state to declare its own legal holidays.
Moreover, proclaiming any day an official holiday means little, as an official holiday does not require private employers and even some government agencies to give their workers the day off. Many stores are open on Labor Day. Essential government services in protection and transportation continue to function, and even less essential programs like national parks are open. Because not everyone is given time off on Labor Day, union workers as recently as the 1930s were being urged to stage one-day strikes if their employer refused to give them the day off.
In the president’s annual Labor Day declaration last year, Obama encouraged Americans “to observe this day with appropriate programs, ceremonies and activities that honor the contributions and resilience of working Americans.”
The proclamation, however, does not officially declare that anyone gets time off.

Controversy: Militants and founders

Today most people in the U.S. think of Labor Day as a noncontroversial holiday.
The first controversy that people fought over was how militant workers should act on a day designed to honor workers. Communist, Marxist and socialist members of the trade union movement supported May 1 as an international day of demonstrations, street protests and even violence, which continues even today.
More moderate trade union members, however, advocated for a September Labor Day of parades and picnics. In the U.S., picnics, instead of street protests, won the day.
There is also dispute over who suggested the idea. The earliest history from the mid-1930s credits Peter J. McGuire, who founded the New York City Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, in 1881 with suggesting a date that would fall “nearly midway between the Fourth of July and Thanksgiving” that “would publicly show the strength and esprit de corps of the trade and labor organizations.”
Later scholarship from the early 1970s makes an excellent case that Matthew Maguire, a representative from the Machinists Union, actually was the founder of Labor Day. However, because Matthew Maguire was seen as too radical, the more moderate Peter McGuire was given the credit.
Who actually came up with the idea will likely never be known, but you can vote online here to express your view.

Have we lost the spirit of Labor Day?

Today Labor Day is no longer about trade unionists marching down the street with banners and their tools of trade. Instead, it is a confused holiday with no associated rituals.
The original holiday was meant to handle a problem of long working hours and no time off. Although the battle over these issues would seem to have been won long ago, this issue is starting to come back with a vengeance, not for manufacturing workers but for highly skilled white-collar workers, many of whom are constantly connected to work.
If you work all the time and never really take a vacation, start a new ritual that honors the original spirit of Labor Day. Give yourself the day off. Don’t go in to work. Shut off your phone, computer and other electronic devices connecting you to your daily grind. Then go to a barbecue, like the original participants did over a century ago, and celebrate having at least one day off from work during the year!
。    현지 수력발전소 건설 현장 직원들 피해…정부 신속대응팀 급파 예정                   홍수 피해가 발생한 네팔. photo AFP/연합뉴스히말라야 산악지대에 위치한 네팔 중북부에서 폭우로 대규모 홍수가 발생해 9명이 숨지고 여행객 384명이 실종됐다. 현지 수력발전소 건설 현장에 있던 한국인 8명도 연락이 두절됐으며, 또 다른 한국인 10명은 고립돼 구조를 기다리고 있다.26일(현지시간) 로이터통신과 네팔 관광청 등에 따르면 네팔 중북부 바그마티주 라수와 지역에서 폭우로 홍수가 발생했다. 네팔 관광청은 이번 홍수로 9명이 숨지고 여행객 384명이 실종됐다고 밝혔다. 실종자 가운데 외국인은 291명이며, 인도인 105명도 포함된 것으로 전해졌다.라수와는 수도 카트만두에서 북쪽으로 약 120㎞ 떨어진 히말라야산맥 지역으로, 중국 티베트 자치구와 국경을 맞대고 있다.폭우로 마을과 도로, 교량, 수력발전 시설 등이 잇따라 피해를 입었다. 불어난 물로 일부 지역의 접근이 어려워지면서 구조 작업에도 차질이 빚어지고 있으며 정확한 피해 규모는 아직 파악되지 않고 있다.한국인 피해도 발생했다. 외교부에 따르면 라수와 지역에서 수력발전소를 건설하던 한국남동발전과 두산에너빌리티 소속 한국인 직원 8명이 현재 연락 두절 상태다.두산에너빌리티 소속 또 다른 한국인 직원 10명은 현지에 고립돼 구조를 기다리고 있다. 네팔 정부는 이들을 구조하기 위해 헬기를 투입했으며 육군과 경찰 등으로 구성된 구조팀도 피해 지역에 파견했다.주네팔한국대사관은 한국인 8명의 연락 두절 사실을 네팔 정부에 알리고 신속하고 적극적인 수색·구조를 요청했다. 현지 상황을 파악하기 위해 영사도 사고 지역에 급파했다.정부는 외교부 장관을 본부장으로 하는 재외국민보호대책본부를 설치하고 대응에 나섰다. 외교부·소방청·경찰청으로 구성된 정부합동 신속대응팀도 최대한 이른 시일 내 현지에 파견할 예정이다.이재명 대통령은 관련 보고를 받은 뒤 "가용한 모든 수단을 동원해 실종자 수색·구조에 총력을 다하라. 우리 국민의 생명과 안전을 최우선으로 하라"고 긴급 지시했다.이 대통령은 "네팔 정부 및 현지 당국과 긴밀히 협력하고, 실종자 가족 지원과 현장에 체류 중인 우리 국민의 안전 확보에도 만전을 기하고, 추가 피해 방지에도 최선을 다하라"고 당부했다.외교부는 이날 오후 10시 30분 조현 장관 주재로 네팔 실종자 관련 대책회의를 열 예정이다.※주간조선 온라인 기사입니다.。

二 |

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Published on:09:59:19


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